A Complete Overview Of Keratectomy For Better Vision

Several types of keratectomy procedures are commonly used to treat various vision problems. Here are some of the most common types:

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)

PRK is a type of laser eye surgery that involves removing the surface layer of the cornea (epithelium) and using a laser to reshape the underlying corneal tissue. The laser is used to remove a precise amount of tissue from the cornea, changing its shape and correcting the refractive error that causes vision problems such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. The epithelium naturally grows back over a few days to a week.
PRK is typically recommended for patients with thinner corneas or who are not good candidates for LASIK, and it can be an effective option for treating low to moderate levels of nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. However, the recovery time can be longer than with other procedures, and some patients may experience discomfort or blurry vision during the initial healing period.

Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK)

LASEK is similar to PRK, but instead of removing the epithelium, the surgeon lifts the thin flap using a special solution. The laser is then used to reshape the cornea, and the flap is replaced and smoothed out. Because the epithelium remains attached, it may take a little longer to heal than with PRK, but there is generally less discomfort and faster visual recovery.
LASEK may be a good option for patients with thinner corneas or who have a higher risk of complications with LASIK, and it can be effective for treating mild to moderate levels of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.

Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)

LASIK is one of the most common types of keratectomy procedures. It involves creating a flap in the cornea using a microkeratome (a small blade) or a femtosecond laser. The flap is then lifted, and a laser is used to reshape the underlying corneal tissue before the flap is replaced and smoothed out.
LASIK is generally a quick and painless procedure that can correct a range of vision problems, including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. The recovery time is typically fast, with most patients experiencing improved vision within a day or two.

Epi-LASIK

Epi-LASIK is similar to LASEK, but a specialized instrument is used to separate the epithelium from the cornea. The epithelium is then lifted, and the laser is used to reshape the underlying corneal tissue. The epithelium is then replaced and smoothed out.
Epi-LASIK may be a good option for patients with thin or irregular corneas, and it can be effective in treating mild to moderate levels of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.

Automated lamellar keratectomy (ALK)

ALK is an older type of keratectomy procedure that involves creating a thin flap of the cornea using a microkeratome. The flap is then lifted, and a laser is used to reshape the underlying corneal tissue before the flap is replaced.
ALK is not as commonly used today, as newer procedures like LASIK and PRK have shown to be more effective and safe in treating vision problems. However, it may still be an option for some patients with thicker corneas and higher levels of nearsightedness.

It’s important to note that while keratectomy procedures can be effective in correcting vision problems, they do carry some risks and potential complications. It’s important to discuss the potential benefits and risks of each procedure. Each of these procedures has its advantages and disadvantages, and the best option for a particular patient depends on their individual needs and circumstances.